Neural structures

Neural structures refer to the whole plan of the human nervous system, which is broken down into three great divisions: central, peripheral, and autonomic nervous systems. The central nervous system, such as the brain and spinal cord, serves as the control and information-processing center, with white and gray matter of the brain involved in interchanges between body and environment and with the spinal cord permitting messages back and forth. The peripheral nervous system is made up of nerves that transfer sensory and motor commands from the central nervous system to the body, and vice versa, controlling movement, sensation, behavior, emotion, and thought. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary functions of the body such as digestion and respiration and includes sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions, both of which are critical in reacting to stress and emotion. These kinds of neural architectures are commonly explored by researchers with the help of neuroimaging techniques such as functional MRI in a bid to understand how they work and are controlled, especially in relation to neurological disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, stroke, and multiple sclerosis. It becomes necessary to make architectures of the neural more meaningful in a bid to make disease processes transparent and refine treatment strategies.